Thermally Conductive Polymers Improve Nanofibers

Thermally Conductive Polymers Improve Nanofibers Thermally Conductive Polymers Improve Nanofibers Bulk polymers are poor heat conductors, so much so that they are generally regarded as thermal insulators, with thermal conductivities around 0.1 Wm-1 K-1. Usually, when researchers try to improve the thermal conductivity of polymers, they put in additives such as carbon nanotubes or other high thermal conductivity fillers. Even so, the thermal conductivity of these composites is typically no greater than one order of magnitude, due to the high thermal interface resistance between the additives and the polymer matrix.Dr. gangart Chen, Soderberg Professor of Power Engineering in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, decided to take a different approach to this problem by first testing whether polymers really are intrinsically poor heat conductors.A look at the molecular chain of polyethylene (PE), which consists of covalent carbon-carbon bonds, suggest that heat conduction along the molecular chains should actually be very good, says Chen. There is also fundamental physical inspiration from earlier work by Fermi, suggesting that one-dimensional atomic chains might have infinite thermal conductivity, as well as earlier experimental studies by others showing that stretched polyethylene can indeed possess higher thermal conductivity.To test this further, Chens research team conducted molecular dynamics simulations that proved to support the idea that PE molecules mimic the one-dimensional atomic chain model. They then devised an experimental demonstration and published a paper in the March 2010 issue of Nature Nanotechnology that described their remarkable resultthat by aligning their molecular chains, polymers can be just as heat-conductive as most metals.Chemical structure of polyethylene carbon atoms are shown in black, hydrogen atoms in white (top). Bulk polyethylene containing voids and defects (middle). Stretched polye thylene microfibre (bottom).Experimental SuccessIt is well known that the mechanical and thermal properties of polyethylene can be improved by processing or stretching bulk samples into thin films or fibers, thereby reducing the number of defects and increasing the chain alignment.To reduce the number of defects even further, Chen scaled down the fiber size (50-500 nm in width and up to tens of millimeters in length) and developed a two-stage heating method to fabricate ultra-drawn nanoscale fibers. A small sample of polyethylene gel was heated to 120 C on a heating stage and an individual suspended fiber drawn from the heated gel using either a sharp tungsten tip or a tipless atomic force microscope (AFM) cantilever. A second heating procedure then heated the fiber and surroundings to 90 C to dry the fiber. The fiber was then mechanically stretched (ultra-drawn) at a controllable speed by rigidly fixing the tungsten tip or AFM cantilever to a motorized control stage. The thermal co nductivity of the nanofiber was then measured using a sensitive bi-material AFM cantilever, which can resolve power measurements as low as 0.1 nW.Encouraging ResultsChens research confirmed that stretching nanofibers does contribute to the nanoscale restructuring of the polymer chains.The thermal conductivity of these nanofibers proved to be as high as 104 Wm-1 K-1, about three times higher than previously reported values for micrometer-sized fibers and even higher than that for about half the pure metals, including platinum, iron, and nickel.Chen attributes this high thermal conductivity to the restructuring of the polymer chains by stretching, which improves the fiber quality toward an ideal single crystalline fiber.Such thermally conductive polymers are potentially useful as heat spreaders and could supplement conventional metallic heat-transfer materials, which are used in applications such as solar hot-water collectors, heat exchangers, and electronic packaging, says Chen.Anoth er benefit to thermally conductive polymers is that they would likely be less expensive than conventional metallic heat transfer materials used in many industries. This is especially true for applications where directional heat conduction is important, such as heat-exchanger fins, cell-phone casing, and plastic packaging for computer chips.Furthermore, Chen adds, high-thermal-conductivity polymers may also have other technological advantages that can be applied, because they can be lightweight, electrically insulating, and chemically stable.Since publishing his paper in 2010, Gang has received many requests for fibers from companies across a range of industries, including fabrics. Luckily for these interested parties and others, Chen recently obtained funding for additional research through the Obama administrations Manufacturing Initiative.We can now develop processes to scale up this technology, and hopefully provide samples for real-world applications in the near future, says Che n.Mark Crawford is an independent writer.The thermal conductivity of stretched polyethylene nanofiber can be higher than that for about half the pure metals, including platinum, iron, and nickel.Dr. Gang Chen, Soderberg Professor of Power Engineering, MIT

1 hour per day doing this mental exercise will exponentially increase your success

1 hour per day doing this mental exercise will exponentially increase your success1 hour per day doing this mental exercise will exponentially increase your successRemember, dreams without goals are just dreams and they ultimately fuel disappointment. Have dreams, but have goals, life goals, yearly goals, monthly goals, daily goals.?- ?Denzel WashingtonTheres a very big difference between wanting something in a virtuous way, and pining for something that youre not committed to achieving. The winning way of getting what you want is to practice visualizing your goal and walking through this step-by-step. Everything great begins with your imagination, which I encourage you to stretch and use as creatively as you can to think of exactly what your biggest dreams look like in practice.Visualization is integral to starting the mental building process of putting ourselves in the standort we desire to be?- ?to live. You may say that you want to be a bestselling author, start your own marketin g geschftlicher umgang or even learn how to play guitar. Thats great. I believe you should absolutely speak those things over your life. But what are you actually doing about in the meantime?For most people, the next step is simply to take action. Fine. Seems like a good idea, right? The action most people miss out on?- ?the necessary predecessor?- ?is imagination and visualization. Set the bar high. Imagine yourself playing the guitar, mastering the basic chords and then performing at local clubs. Imagine yourself performing at Madison Square Garden.If youre trying to start your own geschftlicher umgang, not only do you need a plan, you need a clear vision as to what each step in the process looks like. Know this?- ?nothing will ever go exactly according to plan, but your odds of reaching your goals and success dramatically improve once you put something to plan. The planning l is not just the verbal and written accord. Its the visualization, the mental walk-through of what you tru ly want.Building YourVisionTake this fromBrian Scudamore who detailed his experiencefor Inc.com of how he built a $100 Million multinational companyPeople typically think about goal setting in one of twoways1. Fantasize about the future irrespective of their presentreality.2. Think about their current situation and project forward while giving consideration to their present limitations.According to more than 200 scientific studies on visualization, the best way to achieve real results is to utilizebothtypes of visualization. This tactic is known as mental contrasting. By following up your pie-in-the-sky Painted Picture with nuts-and-bolts strategic planning, youll have both the inspiration and the gameplan necessary to reach your desired destination.As you use mental contrasting, its critical to do the visualizationandstrategic planning in different places as these two processes require completely different mindsets.Visualization feeds goal planning, which leads to action and a high er-level of commitment toward achieving your goals and dreams. Brian Scudamore was able to blend a dream?- ?what seemed like a total pipe dream, might I add?- ?with clear vision that he articulated to his employees. He then crafted a game plan grounded in truths, business strategy and metrics. He found himself a winner.Weve seen an example from business?- ?its even easier to see how powerful this is with sports. Athletes are infinitely more successful when they visualize themselves pouring in the game-winning bucket, scoring the goal?- ?mentally envisioning the angles and speed?- ?or how to properly execute a figure-skating jump.As Christopher Bergland explains, visualization is critical for athletes in reducing the time for mastery of a highly complex skill. Seeing and visualizing BEFORE doing literally shaves off minutes, hours and months of time to help athletes compete at the level they desire. The great athletes, as a result, practice visualization because it helps them to be m ore efficient in every way.Now, researchers from the UK have identified that optimizing someones gaze is key to fine-tuning the mastery of complex motor skills during observation. Scientists at Brunel University London created a novel technique to identify how watching a video, which highlights crucial details of a golf swing?- ?such as how golfers line up the ball, position their feet, and twist their hips?- ?significantly reduces the time it takes to master this complex motor skill.SourceWhether its sport, art, mastering business skills or parenting skills, observing others and visualizing ourselves doing it is a skill to master. Were all crunched by a variety of factors?- ?namely time and money. In the digital age in which we live, video, e-books and a plethora of resources are at our disposal to help us get to where we want to be faster and more effectively.Speed is not the only name of the game. Proficiency is faster developed when we visualize what it is that we want. Take thi s into your professional approach with your job and all of your entrepreneurial pursuits. Nurture this thought in how you love and care for your family. Visualization?- ?creative imagination?- ?is the launching pad for living the life you desire. It starts with a dream.Join my newsletterand check out my Amazon Bestselling book,The Value of You. This will give you inspiration to start planning for success on your journey. If you want to work with me,connect hereand let me know how I can help youThisarticlefirst appeared on Medium..bxc.bx-campaign-1012255 .bx-group-1012255-lyDBLV9 width 900pxheight 550px

Companies Offering Generous Paternity Leave Hiring Now

Companies Offering Generous Paternity Leave Hiring NowCompanies Offering Generous Paternity Leave Hiring Now Fathers rejoice An increasing number of companies are recognizing the importance of giving paid parental leave to new birth mothers, but also to their partners. Companies are also pioneering policies that give equal opportunities for parental leave to same-sex couples, adoptive parents, and foster parents . Here, weve compiled companies from industries ranging from finance to tech who are championing generous paternity leave policies and leading the charge in helping their employees navigate the process of being a parent. And theres some good news all of these companies are hiring Paternity Leave Policy Netflix might be called the absolute leader of parental leave policies, offering up to 52 weeks (thats a whole year) of paid time off for new parents. Yes, you heard that right, a whole year of paid parental leave. Both birth and adoptive parents of any gender can take advantage of this generous parental leave policy. Where Hiring frischauf Angeles, CA Los Gatos, CA Salt Lake City, UT London, England Paris, France Mumbai, India Amsterdam, Netherlands Madrid, Spain & more. What Employees Say This is the most interesting and engaging job Ive ever had. Amazing benefits with great leadership and a feedback-driven culture. Every day is a new challenge. TSR Technical Support Representative is a great role for curious people who want to avoid a monotonous work routine. Current Technical Support Representative Paternity Leave Policy In 2017, Starbucks expanded their paternity leave options for their partners (their word for baristas) to provide the opportunity for mothers and fathers to take six weeks of leave at 100% of their annual pay, in addition to up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave. Employees must work a minimum of 20 hours per week to be eligible for these benefits. Where Hiring Seattle, WA Meriden, CT Miller Place, NY Westpor t, CT Las Vegas, NV Bismarck, ND Fairfield, CA Portland, OR Niles, IL San Antonio, TX & more. What Employees Say Great benefits for food tafelgeschirr job. When I worked they were giving stock options as well Great place to meet people and network. Everyone drinks coffee. Former Supervisor Paternity Leave Policy The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation are now offering six months of paid leave for new mothers and fathers. In addition, when parents return to work, they will receive a $20,000 taxable stipend for childcare-related costs. Where Hiring Seattle, WA New Delhi, India Johannesburg, South AfricaWhat Employees Say Im constantly inspired by the work supported by BMGF, which impacts some of the biggest problems in global health. As a private foundation, they can take controversial stances and innovate in ways you often dont see elsewhere in development. I feel lucky to contribute. Employees are treated very well. The benefits are amazing. Current Program OfficerPaternity Leave Policy Reddits new and improved parental leave policy is one of the most generous in the tech industry. Reddit provides for 16 weeks of paid leave for mothers and fathers, both birth, adoptive, or foster. The benefits dont stop there, with the tech company also providing flexible time off after the childs arrival, breastfeeding room, a childcare stipend, adoption assistance, and even egg freezing. Where Hiring New York, NY San Francisco, CA Chicago, IL Los Angeles, CA Dublin, IrelandWhat Employees Say Reddits been a great place for me to learn and grow. Its hard to find a job that allows you to be yourself at work, gives the opportunity to make an impact and rewards good work Ive found all of that here with relatively few complaints. The benefits are incredible and if you come in with a good attitude, youll find all the positivity you need to stay motivated. Current EmployeePaternity Leave Policy American Express is a leader in the financial industry for parental leav e policies, offering up to 20 weeks of paid leave for new fathers, and additional time for mothers giving birth. The company also offers up to $35,000 for employees to use for fertility treatments, surrogacy, and adoption, which parents can take advantage of twice. Where Hiring New York, NY Sunrise, FL Los Angeles, CA Charlotte, NC Palo Alto, CA Phoenix, AZ Tempe, AZ Salt Lake City, UT Saint Petersburg, FL & more. What Employees Say Its an all-around solid company. Its the leader in its field, which makes it a relatively stable company to work for. But more importantly, I was blown away by how much they care about their employees. They absolutely put the right amount of effort into ensuring their people are taken care of. There is plenty of opportunity to advance. The only reason I left was because of a career change. Would highly recommend. Former einhaltung Analyst Paternity Leave Policy Deloittes parental leave policy stands out among its peers, with the company offering 16 weeks of paid parental leave for new mothers and fathers. The company also offers stipends for fertility treatments, adoption assistance, and childcare. Where Hiring Miami, FL Rockville, MD Sacramento, CA Denver, CO San Jose, CA Washington, DC Hermitage, TN Gilbert, AZ Lake Mary, FL Arlington, VA & more. What Employees Say Wonderful colleagues, great learning opportunities, unbelievable investment in its people Current Senior Manager Paternity Leave Policy For non-birthing parents, Google offers up to 12 weeks of paternity leave, and up to double that for birthing parents. The company also offers other perks for new parents, such as childcare support, and parent support groups. Where Hiring Seattle, WA Chicago, IL Austin, TX Boulder, CO Atlanta, GA Ann Arbor, MI Detroit, MI Addison, TX New York, NY San Francisco, CA Raleigh, NC & more. What Employees Say All thegreat benefits, perks, etc. really make this a great place to work. Everything from the great free food to go od benefits (health, leave, etc.) truly make this a great company to work for. Current EmployeePaternity Leave Policy JUUL Labs provides new parents with 16 weeks of paid time off for baby-bonding time. While youre out, JUUL will pay its share of premiums for group health, dental, and vision insurance. Your share of insurance premiums will continue to be deducted from your JUUL paychecksWhere Hiring San Diego, CA Mountain View, CA San Francisco, CA Austin, TX Dallas, TX Washington, DC New York, NY Alexandria, VA Buffalo Grove, IL & more. What Employees Say Fast growing company with a chance to really build something. Management understands how to use their experts. People are super-smart, creative and open. The future is very bright for this company and it is great to be a part of it. Tremendous upside potential across the board. Current Senior Director Paternity Leave Policy While Lenovos maternity leave is plentiful among its peers, offering 24 weeks of paid time off, the companys paternity leave is also generous, with 7 weeks paid time off for new fathers. Where Hiring Raleigh, NC Chicago, IL Austin, TX New York, NY Hartford, CT Dallas, TX Atlanta, GA San Jose, CA San Francisco, CA Santa Clara, CA Seattle, WA & more. What Employees Say Good benefits, nice coworkers. Vacation and sick time is generous. Flexible working hours. Current EmployeePaternity Leave Policy Etsy is a leader in parental leave policies the company, which went public in 2015, offers up to 26 weeks of paid parental leave for all of its full-time employees. Where Hiring New York, NY San Francisco, CA Toronto, Canada Dublin, IrelandWhat Employees Say Etsy is a top leader in benefits, a warm and caring culture. Very focused on D&I, a vibrant and inclusive community. The mission is great and employees are passionate about the cause. Very intelligent colleagues with an incredible amount of best practice to learn from. Former Employee

10 Horror Icons Careers Before They Were Famous

10 Horror Icons Careers Before They Were Famous 10 Horror Icons Careers Before They Were Famous A fun way to find career inspiration is to look at famous people and trace their careers back to their origins. Many celebrities and established artists didn’t immediately launch into thriving careers upon finishing their education or starting in the workforce. Contrary to popular belief, a number of famous movie stars and producers started off with humble job beginnings and veered off their career paths before finding success and achieving prominence.   To celebrate Halloween this week, let’s enhance motivation for your job search by looking at horror icons and the odd jobs and careers they held before landing on the ghoulish side of Hollywood. Before they were renowned actors, prestigious producers, accomplished authors and popular celebrities, these people held a number of ordinary and odd jobs. 1. Tim Burton Tim Burton is well known for many of his dark movies such as “Beetlejuice,” “Edward Scissorhands” and “The Nightmare Before Christmas.” Today he is recognized as a director, producer, screen-writer and more, but Burton began as an apprentice animator and artist at Walt Disney Studios. He may have started in children’s animation, but today his portfolio includes a wide variety of projects, from musicals to action films. His career developed over time, and so can yours. 2. Stephen King His horror and suspense novels may delight many readers today, but before he was a writer and author of science fiction and macabre books, Stephen King was an industrial laundry laborer. To help pay for his degree in English, King took a number of odd jobs to make ends meet. Now you can find many of his works in bookstores and produced into films, proving that you shouldn’t knock a part-time job. It can lead you to future success. 3. Vincent Price Upon graduating with a Bachelor of Arts degree in art history from Yale, Vincent Price became a school teacher. Realizing that he had an interest in theatre, he changed careers from educator to actor. He began as a character actor, and it wasn’t until later in his career that he delved into the horror genre. If you are contemplating a career change, may Vincent Price’s success help motivate you to make the jump. 4. Barbara Steele Barbara Steele originally studied to become a painter but joined an acting repertory company instead. She was featured in a number of horror films in the 1960s and is famous for her pale skin, dark eyes and hair and overall gothic vibe. Steele’s story goes to show that what you studied in school doesn’t have to be what career you choose. Don’t let your past limit you. 5. Julianne Moore Before she was a leading actress in a number of popular films, Julianne Moore was an aspiring actress working as a waitress in New York City. Like many before her and many after, Moore worked a part-time job while looking for acting gigs. She landed television roles and then broke out in the thriller “The Hand that Rocks the Cradle.” Nowadays she is known for her portrayal of disturbed women. Moore is a great example of how dedication to your passion is necessary for success. 6. Johnny Depp Some might argue that Johnny Depp’s career started when he first dropped out of school. Depp took a big risk and left school to start a garage band. Following that he took on a telemarketing job before getting into acting. Depp starred in small roles before appearing in “The Nightmare on Elm Street.” You might know him as Sweeney Todd or Captain Jack Sparrow, but you should remember him for the career risk he took. If you feel hesitant to leave a job that doesn’t suit you, look to Depp for inspiration. 7. Boris Karloff Boris Karloff’s big break was starring as Frankensteins monster in “Frankenstein,” which launched him into stardom as a horror icon. Before that breakout role, Karloff experienced many twists and turns with his career. He wanted to be a diplomat like his father but lost interest and worked as a farm laborer before finally entering a career in acting. If you aren’t certain of what your ideal job is, take comfort in knowing Boris Karloff struggled just like you before making it big. 8. Anne Rice Today she may be a popular author recognized for gothic novels such as “Interview with a Vampire” and “The Queen of the Damned,” but Anne Rice actually didn’t start her career writing fiction. Prior to writing, Rice worked briefly as an insurance claims examiner. She studied literature and creative writing and pursued her passions, resulting in her current successful writing career. Rice demonstrates that a few bumps in your resume shouldn’t discourage you from pursuing your dream job. 9. Jack Nicholson With numerous nominations and awards, few people might suspect that The Shinings Jack Nicholson started out working odd jobs. Nicholson took on retail and lifeguard jobs before moving to Hollywood to pursue acting. Even in Hollywood he began as a gopher. He didn’t achieve his current status as a famed actor, film director and producer easily. It took a number of roles before he became famous for his portrayal of challenging characters, particularly psychotics. The lesson? Don’t be too proud to get to the top by starting at the bottom. 10. Jamie Lee Curtis When she was younger Jamie Lee Curtis was known as the “scream queen.” From the start Curtis pursued acting and appeared in a number of horror flick classics before breaking free from the genre. Today she is not just a horror actress; Curtis is an actress in a broad array of genres, an author of children’s books and a blogger. Curtis shows us that a career path is all about discovery and exploration. You might be content with your job today, but stay open to new opportunities, for they might transform your career for the better. Read Related Articles 6 Jobs to Consider if You Love Halloween In the Mood for Something Scary? Read These Job Interview Horror Stories Where Horror Meets Comedy: Job Interviewing Mishaps

U.S. Marine Corps Communications MOS Profile

U.S. Marine Corps Communications MOS Profile U.S. Marine Corps Communications MOS Profile Marines in the Communications field are integral to all elements of this branch of the U.S. military. Consider how important it is to relay accurate information in a timely way when in a combat situation. But theres more to this field than radio communications. Marines in this field are responsible for the design, installation, connection, and operation of communication networks and information systems used to transmit information and data throughout the entire Marine Air-Ground Task Force. Communications Marines are part of every ground force mission, as specialists, and keep the critical flow of information moving.   Marines in this field also operate and perform  preventive maintenance  on both hardware and software systems including telephone, teletype, switching, radio, cryptography and computer systems.   The training for communications jobs in the Marines includes basic training, then combat training.  After that, Marines in this field go to Communications Systems Training at the  Marine Air Ground Task Force Training Command in  Twentynine Palms, California. Requirements of Marine Communications Fields In order to be successful in this field, Communications Marines need  basic to advanced language skills and must be able to master precise communication and computer procedures, as well as interact on a daily basis with users to solve communication systems challenges.   Attention to detail and the ability to work closely with others are essential requirements. Eligibility for a security clearance is a requirement for some communication systems specialties, due to the sensitive nature of much of the information theyll be handling. Marines entering Communications Systems are assigned the designation of MOS 0600, Basic Communications Systems Marine. Entry-level jobs for Marines in the communications field include work as a field radio operator, wireman, multichannel equipment operator, satellite communications equipment operator, information systems specialist, data network systems specialist, and information assurance and information security technicians. The opportunity to participate in a formal apprenticeship program leading to receipt of a Department of Labor Certificate of Apprenticeship Completion may be available. Communications Military Occupation Specialties (MOS) Below are other Marine Corps enlisted military occupation specialties which are organized under this occupational field. 0612  Tactical Switching Operator: Typical duties of this job are to install, operate, and maintain analog, TDM, and internet telecommunications that are reliable to transmit classified and unclassified voice, video and data. 0613 Construction Wireman: This MOS operates specialized construction equipment to install underground and above ground cabling systems in buildings and maintaining aerial cable distribution systems. 0619 Telecommunications Systems Chief: Marines in this role are in charge of  managing the budget, inventory, plans, quality control, and inside and outside plant telecommunications networks.   0621  Field Radio Operator: These Marines set up and tune of radio equipment including antennas and power sources, in order to make establishing contact with distant stations, changing to frequencies and cryptographic codes and maintaining equipment are required by the radio operator.   0622 Digital (Multi-channel) Wideband Transmission Equipment Operator: This MOS specifically focuses on  installing, operating and maintaining the AN/MRC-142 Digital Wideband Transmission Systems (DWTS) which is essential to effective internet communications.   0623 Tropospheric Scatter Radio Multi-channel Equipment Operator -  These Marines install, operate and maintain the AN/TRC-170 (Tropospheric Scatter Microwave Radio Terminal). This enables wireless communications between stations over 100 miles apart. 0627  SHF Satellite Communications Operator-Maintainer: These Marines install, operate and maintain various satellite communication platforms to handle classified and unclassified data in both Marine bases and when deployed.     0629 Radio Chief: This Marine is a staff sergeant and above and is responsible for preparing and executing radio communications. The radio chief has additional responsibilities and must understand maintenance and be familiar with budgeting, and administration of reliable radio operations.   0648 Spectrum Manager: This Marine also is a staff sergeant and must be an expert of all DOD/Service and commercial S-D equipment and systems.   0651  Cyber Network Operator: This MOS installs, configures and manages cyber network systems including Microsoft based curriculum and MS Exchange/Server, Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) modules 1, 2 and 3, as well as other authorized cyber network systems. 0659 Cyber Network Systems Chiefs: This MOS installs, operates, integrates and troubleshoots in order to maintain optimum secure cyber communication systems.   0681 Information Security Technician:  The Marine in this MOS  serves as the primary functional proponent for cryptographic key management infrastructure making communications secure.   0688 Cyber Security Apprentice: The Marine in this MOS  secure the internet communications systems. They execute security policies, implement cyber network security measures and network intrusion detections. They also assist with forensics and assist with security incident handling along the network. 0689  Cyber Security Technician: This MOS is responsible for ensuring Marine Corps information systems data availability, integrity authentication, confidentiality, and non-repudiation. 0699  Communications Chief:  These are the senior staff noncommissioned officers who directly assist communications officers in developing the communications plan.  This senior MOS is responsible for the supervision of the installation, operation, and maintenance of communication facilities.  Additionally, they must have an overall knowledge of maintenance, budgeting and administration fo the above field of jobs.

Highest Paying Hospitality Jobs

Highest Paying Hospitality Jobs Highest Paying Hospitality Jobs Hospitality offers the opportunity to work in fun, lively environments, from restaurants and bars to hotels and spas. But even more, careers in hospitality can offer lucrative employment options, and often do not require applicants to hold traditional degrees . Many positions in the hospitality industry offer jobseekers to start as an apprentice or entry-level employee and work their way up through gaining on-the-job experience. While the entry-level salary for a concierge or sous-chef, for example, may not always be very high, these positions can allow for quick growth to the upper echelons of salary ranks within the hospitality industry. Hospitality is an industry for people who like to put a smile on others’ faces. Some do so directly, by greeting guests at a hotel door or giving massages to spa visitors, while others do so indirectly, by creating gastronomical wonders in the kitchen of a restaurant or planning and executing the perfect party.  Which field of hospitality you choose to go into all depends on what your interests are -  whether it’s food and beverages, hotels, casinos, or travel - and on what your ultimate career and pay goals are. So on that note, which hospitality jobs earn the most money? Glassdoor salary range: $48,000 â€" $102,000 Food and beverage directors are typically employed by restaurants, hotels and large institutions like schools and hospitals. Creating and overseeing menus, controlling food costs and managing inventory are just a few of the duties required for this diverse position. Being a food and beverage director requires the ability to work with large teams in a fast-paced environment, rigorous attention to detail, and - of course - a passion for food and drinks. Glassdoor salary range: $52,000 â€" $114,000 Hotel operations managers are in charge of keeping a hotel functioning smoothly on a daily basis. This includes managing the hotel’s housekeeping, food services, human resources, concierges and other personnel who help the hotel run every day. Hotel operations manager also may have a hand in hiring and training staff, as well as looking after marketing, sales and PR for the hotel. If you’re looking for a fast-paced role that requires the use of many different skills, then hotel operations may be a good fit. Glassdoor salary range: $44,000 â€" $85,000 An executive chef is in charge of all food preparation and other culinary activities at a restaurant. Executive chefs help hire, train and manage other kitchen personnel and wait staff. They may also share some duties with a food and beverage director, such as inventory management, purchase orders and restaurant policy formation. Being an executive chef usually requires extensive experience in the restaurant industry. Glassdoor salary range: $18,000 â€" $67,000 While sommeliers may look like they’re getting paid to drink fancy wine (which essentially they are), the profession requires deep knowledge that is built over years of study. Sommeliers possess an in-depth knowledge of wines, which they use to advise patrons at a restaurant on which wines they should pair with their meals. Sommeliers also often lead tastings of wine and other beverages. Glassdoor salary range: $26,000 â€" $62,000 If you love traveling, it’s hard to think of a better job than being a flight attendant (or a pilot, for that matter). Flight attendants work to ensure the safety and comfort of passengers during flights. Flight attendants may work domestically, flying on shorter flights between states, or internationally, on long-haul flights. Flight attendants often get to spend time in the places they travel to for work, and on top of their yearly salary, they often get significant discounts on airline tickets, making it easy to travel the world. Glassdoor salary range: $24,000 â€"  $63,000 An executive pastry chef is in charge of preparing desserts and baking bread at a bakery, restaurant or other culinary establishment. Their role also encompasses developing new dessert and bread recipes, inventorying ingredients, monitoring costs and managing other pastry-making employees. Executive pastry chefs often either gain a degree in pastry-making or apprentice with a pastry maker to gain skills in their craft. Glassdoor salary range: $38,000 â€" $77,000 Event managers are employed in a variety of industries. Essentially, event managers work to organize, run and promote events for businesses, organizations and individuals. This involves hiring personnel such as DJs, photographers and waiters, accurately budgeting the event, coordinating operations and being on call for any issues that might arise before or during the event. Event managers must be detail-oriented people, responsible, and - of course - know how to throw a good party! Glassdoor salary range: $27,000 â€"  $73,000 Massage therapists are employed in a variety of establishments within the hospitality industry, including hotels, cruise ships, resorts and private massage clinics. Many massage therapists choose to become a certified massage therapist, which can open up more job opportunities. The hospitality industry is a place where experience matters most. From being hired as a pastry chef to scoring a gig as a food and beverage director, having experience is the key to proving yourself. You can also gain a leg up, of course -  depending on which field you enter within hospitality - through formal training, such as cooking school, a college degree in hospitality, or different types of masseuse certifications. Thousands of jobs in the hospitality industry are available for easy application on Glassdoor right now to start gaining the experience you need to enter one of the highest-paying hospitality jobs.

Navy Advanced Electronics Computer Field (AECF)

Navy Advanced Electronics Computer Field (AECF) Navy Advanced Electronics Computer Field (AECF) The Navys Advanced Electronics/Computer Field offers extensive training in all aspects of electronics, including computer systems, radars, communications systems, and weapons fire control systems such as the Navys advanced missile system, Aegis. The standards for selection for enlistment in the Navys Advanced Electronics/Computer Field are high. Personnel interested in applying for Advanced Electronics/Computer Field should be seriously interested in pursuing the challenge this highly technical field offers. They must be mature, ready to take on significant responsibility and willing to apply themselves. Enlistees enter as E-1s (seaman recruits). Advancement to pay grade E-2 (seaman apprentice) will be made after successful completion of recruit training. Advancement to E-3 will be made after completion of all advancement-in-rate requirements (including minimum time and coursework). Advancement to pay grade E-4 (petty officer third class) will be made after successful completion of initial school training and after all advancement-in-rate requirements (including minimum time and coursework) are completed. Advancement to E-3 and E-4 is contingent upon maintaining eligibility in the Advanced Electronics/Computer Field program. Eligible personnel may be paid bonuses at the time of re-enlistment. All bonuses are in addition to Navy salary and allowances for food and housing. Because of the advanced technologies in the Navy, acceptance into the Advanced Electronics/Computer Field is limited to highly motivated and qualified applicants. About 17,000 men and women work in the ET and FC ratings. People who qualify and choose the Advanced Electronics/Computer Field must agree their active duty obligation for six years to accommodate the additional training involved. What They Do Only two Navy job specialties, called ratings, are included in the Advanced Electronics/Computer Field: Electronics Technician (ET) and Fire Controlman  (FC). The rating in which an Advanced Electronics/Computer Field candidate is trained is determined in the initial phase of the Advanced Electronics Technical Core Course in Great Lakes, Ill. However, eligibility requirements are the same for both ratings in the Advanced Electronics/Computer Field. Jobs performed by ETs and FCs are performed throughout the Navys fleet of surface ships including aircraft carriers and Aegis cruisers, as well as at repair activities ashore. ETs maintain and repair electronics equipment, such as radar, communication and navigation equipment. FCs operate, maintain and repair the electronic, computer and control mechanisms used in weapons systems. These ratings comprise the basis of the ships Combat Systems department aboard ships and are responsible for maintaining the ships readiness for combat operations. ASVAB Score VEARMKMC222 Other Requirements Must have normal color perception. Must have normal hearing. Security Clearance  (SECRET) required. Must be a U.S. Citizen Technical Training Information Enlistees are taught the fundamentals of this rating through on-the-job training or formal Navy schooling. Additional training for specific aircraft or equipment is generally received before reporting to operational activities. Advanced technical and specific operational training is available in this rating during later stages of career development. Great Lakes, IL -19 weeksFC, Great Lakes, IL - 11 weeksET, Great Lakes, IL - 13 weeks After A school, ETs and FCs continue on to advanced C school. School lengths and content vary, but many colleges and universities offer college credits for these Navy courses. During a 20 year period in the Navy, ETs and FCs spend about 60 percent of their time assigned to fleet units or remote shore stations throughout the world and 40 percent to shore stations in the United States. Working Environment Jobs performed by ETs and FCs are performed throughout the Navys fleet of surface ships including aircraft carriers and Aegis cruisers, and at repair activities ashore. College Credits for Training/Experience ET: In the lower-division baccalaureate/associate degree category: three semester hours in basic electronics laboratory, three in AC circuits, seven in solid state electronics, three in electronic systems troubleshooting and maintenance, and two in electronic communication. FC: In the lower-division baccalaureate/associate degree category: three semester hours in solid state electronics, three in electromechanical systems, three in digital circuits, two in microwave fundamentals, one in electronics laboratory, one in digital laboratory, and one in radar maintenance. Also, see Submarine Electronics Computer Field.